Thangkas are one of Tibet's most famous art forms, and they have fascinated generations of art fans around the world. Developed during the Songtsan Gampo era of Tibet, they incorporate elements from both Nepalese art and traditional Chinese paintings. Valued for their exquisite craftsmanship, they are also admired for their unique beauty and practical function. When traveling to other places, Tibetan monks will often carry a thangka to communicate with their gods. On a good tour in Beijing, you can find exquisite thangkas made by great Tibetan artists.

Like a scroll painting, thangkas can be easily stored and moved around. For this reason, traveling monks in Tibet prefer to carry them instead of heavy, bulky statues. Because they can be put on a wall, Tibetans also like to use them at home for worship and meditation.

Thangkas often depict prominent figures of Buddhism, like the Buddha, bodhisattvas, and other gods, but sometimes they only show items like the Buddhist Wheel of Life. In the background of most thangkas, scenes from the life of the Buddha or important historical events are shown. People who study these images can learn the teachings of Buddhism and enhance their spiritual experience.

For people who understand Tibetan Buddhism, the complex picture on a finely made thangka has a profound symbolism that reveals itself through very exquisite details on the picture. People can learn the teachings of Buddhism by carefully studying these details and finding out the intricate connections among them. One of the most common items depicted on thangkas is the Wheel of Life, or the universe in Buddhism.

When used by monks traveling from place to place, thangkas can serve as an excellent educational tool. Tibetan monks who carry thangkas have been traveling to remote regions and teaching Buddhism for hundreds of years. As a tradition, monks living in monasteries display their precious thangkas to the public during ceremonies or festivals.

Making a thangka is an extremely difficult process. To make one thangka, a trained painter will use a variety of techniques and paints to create pictures on a cotton canvas or a piece of silk. All of the details are to be correctly painted and must conform to a set standard. The standard is very strict because even a small mistake can distort the original meaning of the message. To do this, a painter needs to have excellent painting skills and a deep understanding of both Buddhism and Tibetan culture. One of the characteristics of authentic thangkas is that they use paints made of natural minerals.

Depending on the method of production and materials used, thangkas can be grouped into two main categories: "Bris-Tang" and "Go-Tang."

"Bris-Tang": Thangkas that are painted are called "Bris-Tang." The five specific types belonging to this category are: Multi-Colored, Gold Background, Vermilion Background, Black Background, and Block Printing "Bris-Tang."

"Go-Tang": "Go-Tang" is the name for thangkas that are made with silk and adorned with embroidery. This category also has five specific types: Embroidery, Applique, Glued Applique, Hand-Woven, and Block Printing "Go-Tang."

Colors on thangkas are not randomly used. Different colors represent different themes or different characters. Red is used for life stories of the Buddha. Black is the theme color for depicting gods whose main duty is subjugating evils. Blue is used to convey a sense of joy. Green is used to show activity. And white represents calm and compassion.

There are many fantastic local shops in Beijing that offer genuine thangkas painted by master artists from Tibet. Visit these shops when you are in Beijing, and you won't forget the experience. It's best to get a Beijing tour guide to help you find these places.